What is an IP Address?

An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two principal functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing.

Its role has been characterized as follows: “A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. An IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four decimal numbers separated by periods. Such devices include routers, servers, and computers.

IP addresses are binary numbers, but they are usually stored in text files and displayed in human-readable notations, such as 172.16.254.1.

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